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Ceramics must be made through four stages: raw material production (making of glaze and mud), forming, glazing and firing. These stages are described in detail below:

First, the production of raw materials

1. Glaze glaze → ball mill (ball mill) → iron removal (iron remover) → sifting (vibrating screen) → finished glaze

2. Mud making mud → ball mill fine crushing (ball mill) → stirring (mixer) → iron removal (iron remover) → sieving (vibrating screen) → slurrying (mud pump) → sludge (filter press) → vacuum training Mud (practice machine, agitator)

Second, molding

1. Billet forming method: It is suitable for making round, curved and other round shapes, such as plates, bowls, jars, etc. It is characterized by straight and regular works, and the surface of the object will leave a trail of rotation.

①Underglaze: Mud → Mud cake (handmade) → Mud mud (manual) → Pulling (drawing machine, also known as pottery machine) → Drying (natural air drying to leave 10% moisture) → Repairing (ceramic tools) → Drying (drying box) → underglaze decoration (drawing directly on the mud, such as blue and white) → glazing (glazing machine) → air drying

② glaze: mud → mud cake (manual) → mud (manual) → pull Blank (the blanking machine is also known as ceramic machine) → dry (natural air drying to leave 10% moisture) → repair (ceramic tools) → drying (drying box) → glazing (glazing machine) → air drying

2. Mud Forming Method: The method of using clay to grind, shoot or cut into a plate shape to control the utensils, called the mud forming method. This method is widely used in ceramic art production and has varied variations. The traditional purple sander is made by mud molding. The mud-formed utensils can be varied with the humidity of the clay. The wet and soft mud board can be freely changed by twisting, rolling and other methods, and the shape can be freely formed; the slightly dry mud board can be made into a relatively straight object. The thickness of the mud board depends on the size of the utensils, but it should be noted that the thickness of the mud board should be uniform. The mud forming process requires the use of a mud forming machine.

3. Mud plate method: one of the most convenient and most expressive techniques in pottery molding techniques. You can make works made by any other molding method, such as round, square, shaped and even sculpture. The clay art is made by the mud-plate method. On the one hand, the mud strips can be bent and changed freely, which is convenient for making some complicated, irregular and random ceramics. In addition, it can retain the mud when it is built. The hand-made traces left behind and the swirling textures can of course be trimmed without leaving traces. The mud tray method requires the use of a mud molding machine and a manual turntable.

4. Freehand method: It can express the author's technique and concept most directly, and needs to use the manual turntable.

5. Hand-made sculpture molding: sculpture is an artistic image created by three methods of carving, engraving and plastic. Mainly for embossing and round carving. Sculpture is a three-dimensional entity. In order to take care of the relationship between various perspectives, it is necessary to turn the sculpture table frequently and continue to observe and compare. Clay tools for scraping, cutting, affixing, picking, pressing, wiping, clay and styling.

Third, the glaze

glaze stress technology, glaze layer directly affects the success of the work after firing, glaze has spray glaze, enamel glaze, glaze, glaze, glaze and other techniques, sometimes need to be comprehensive. A professional glazing table can be used for glazing, which can effectively reduce the diffusion of glaze and recover glaze. The glaze layer of the blow glaze is generally based on 0.8MM-1.8MM, which is the thinness of the melon seeds. The surface treatment has the glaze, the glaze, the underglaze, and the glaze is between the glaze and the underglaze. After the firing, the underglaze is directly painted on the mud and created on the glaze. The glaze is painted on the fired white porcelain. The color is very important in the work, and the color plays a role in the work. Increase the connotation of the work, the color matching is somewhat particular, the red represents enthusiasm, life, war, white represents purity and noble. Yellow represents warmth, blue represents the ocean, the sky, and the wide. The decoration methods include painting, flower drawing, tick flower, pile flower, decal, pressure printing, spray flower, openwork, kneading, hollowing, paper cutting, clay, inlay, printing, mud perfusion lamination decoration, clay blank decoration, fiber Fabric wrapping and so on are decorated in many ways. The key to these completions is to cast the fire. The kiln fire at a temperature of about 1300 ° C in the firing of the kiln fire causes the mud to be sintered into crystals, and the color glaze is colored. After the kiln was cooled, the work was successful.

Fourth, firing

1 . Underglaze: Mounting → Entering Kiln → Equipment Temperature → Smelting (Electric Kiln or Steam Kiln) → Out of Kiln 2 .Glaze: Mounting → Entering Kiln → Equipment Temperature → Smelting (Electric Kiln or Steam Kiln )→Draw a creative white porcelain blank (eg: decal)→baked flower (baked flower oven)